Holidays December 8
Mother's day in panama
This day is the most significant and important holiday in Panama. On this holiday, many people do not go to work, but are at home, with their family, and with great love prepare their beloved mothers a real holiday. On this holiday, everything revolves around mothers, but the traditions of celebrating this day still largely depend on each individual family. But only one thing remains unchanged in all families, this day carries only joyful emotions, because its main goal is to pay tribute to the mother, who is the most important person on earth. Many people are interested in: when, how and thanks to whom or what, this holiday will appear. Unfortunately, there is no single answer to this interesting question, however, there are many versions of how and when this holiday was first celebrated. In different countries and in different cultures, mother's day is celebrated at different times. Therefore, depending on the country and culture, in accordance with local traditions, this holiday is celebrated everywhere in different ways. There is a widespread belief that the traditions of Mother's Day originate in ancient Greece. Because it was there that custom existed, mothers will bow to them as a goddess.
Student's Day in Bulgaria
On December 8, Bulgarian students celebrate their "professional" holiday. This date is inextricably linked with the Sofia University named after Clement of Ohrid. In Bulgaria, this university was the only academic institution at the beginning of the twentieth century, so the academic council of this university dared to declare December 8th the day of the university. The celebration of this day coincided with the day of the righteous Clement of Ohrid, who was one of the followers of Cyril and Methodius who survived in Bulgaria. He organized an educational and cultural school at the monastery in Ohrid, the whole Bulgarian elite was brought up in it. Clement transformed the Glagolitic Cyril and Methodius, and became a staunch follower of his teachers. He brought the graphic design of letters as close as possible to Greek. It was Clement of Ohrid who very quickly translated all the religious and liturgical books of the city into the Old Slavonic language, and sent it all over the country. When the Second World War ended, this holiday was moved to November 17th, but in 1962, in honor of the 80th anniversary of Sofia University, the holiday was celebrated with an old and native date. Since then, all students of higher educational institutions in Bulgaria are happy to celebrate their favorite holiday.
Feast of the goddess Ischel
Ischel was the ancient Mayan goddess, she was considered the patroness of the rainbow and moonlight. The goddess helped women safely give birth to a child, took care of doctors and weavers. It was believed that if the goddess was very angry, then she would strike a hurricane or flood. Sculptors and artists of that time portrayed this goddess as a very beautiful girl, a rabbit was sitting on her lap, and a strange snake was depicted on her head. People were very afraid of Ischel's anger, so they tried in every possible way to appease her. Maya sacrificed to the goddess of the young beauties. People came to the temple of the goddess and prayed for healing from illnesses. In southern Mexico, the festival of the goddess Ischelle is still celebrated. On the eighth of December, the priests conduct the corresponding rituals; various solemn processions stretch through the streets. The ancient Mayans called the goddess Ischel the Lady of the blood spots, the Lady of the night, the Lord of the extraordinary darkness.
The Triumph of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
The veneration of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary is very popular in Catholicism, this day is dedicated to the Virgin and is one of the main holidays. In the ancient church tradition, nothing was said about the sinless conception of Mary by her mother Anna. The famous version of the Immaculate Conception was officially enshrined by the dogma of Pope Pius IX on December 8, 1854, not taking into account the fact that back in 1476, the festival of the Immaculate Conception was established by the pontiff Sixt IV. According to the Catholic teaching, Mary was the only one of all people who was freed from original sin and at the same time protected from the very possibility of sinning. The Orthodox Church in this supports the Catholic and also says that Mary did not commit a single sin in her life. However, he claims that the reason for this was that Mary had moral purity, intelligence and willpower. In turn, the Catholic Church says that the vocation of not sinning was laid in Mary at conception. On this holiday solemn services are held in churches.
Constitution Day of Uzbekistan
The Constitution of Uzbekistan was adopted at the 11th session of the Supreme Council of Uzbekistan. On the same day, the country's main law was signed by the President of Uzbekistan, Islam Karimov. The new Constitution of Uzbekistan has been tested in detail by United Nations specialists. All provisions of the basic law have been examined in US state legal institutions. A lot of specialists from European countries also studied and approved the basic law of the young state. According to the new version of the Constitution, Uzbekistan is an independent democratic republic, the state ensures the implementation of the will of the people and serves their needs. Only the people can be a source of power in the state. Citizens of Uzbekistan are all its inhabitants, regardless of their nationality. However, despite the good intentions laid down in the new Constitution, the basic law in Uzbekistan is more a formal than a real-life document.
December 8th in the folk calendar
Klim is cold
This day was called Klim Cold, because real frosts usually began on this day. According to tradition, all mothers turned to Klim on prayers that day and asked him to protect their children from future frosts. People believed that frost from November to March is gaining crazy power, and even the sun is shy before these frosts, not to mention a person. However, the harsh spirit does not like those who complain of the cold; he severely punishes them with various diseases. And those people who were peppy and cheerful on a frosty day, the frost awarded good health and a bright blush on their cheeks. We all know the fairy tale "Frost", remember how a severe old man punished a wayward and capricious girl, and gave unpretentious stepdaughter expensive gifts. The peasants said that the servants of the frost were the evil spirits of codfish. These spirits slept in the summer, and wake up with the first cold snap and fall to the ground with the first snow. When winter comes, these spirits run through the fields and blow their fists, then people feel the cold north wind. People believed that the coddlers banged their bare heels on the frozen ground and on the trunks of trees, that's where the phrase "crackling frosts" came from. In honor of the harsh winter spirit, idols were erected in the villages, now we call them snowmen, children and adults love to sculpt them. On this holiday, any important business could be started strictly on an empty stomach. Women and girls sat down to spin the yarn closer to the windows, white snow lay outside the windows, and it became brighter in the room from it.
Historical events December 8
1991 year USSR was "buried" in Belovezhskaya Pushcha
The agreement on the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States was signed in Viskuly, near Brest. Leaders of the three former union republics; Boris Yeltsin, Leonid Kravchuk and Stanislav Shushkevich, by their decisions not only formed the CIS, they destroyed the great superpower - the USSR. The parties to the treaty recognized that the USSR, as a subject of international law, has completely exhausted itself, the government of the country and the president of the Soviet Union are absolutely discredited both in the eyes of its people and in the eyes of the international community. In view of all this, such a state cannot exist as an object of geopolitical reality. The reason for the creation of the CIS was the close historical and cultural ties between the peoples of the post-Soviet space and the desire to continue peaceful and democratic coexistence. However, the former union republics did not call the intervention of members of the community, in the affairs of each other, mutual respect and recognition of the sovereignty of the members of the union a condition for their entry into a new formation. Despite the high-profile slogans and good intentions, the CIS is not like any union association, it has even gone beyond confederal relations and is now a formal interstate association.
1980 year the killing of john lennon
The famous musician died at the hands of a mentally ill fan. The killer fired several direct shots at John's back. The gatekeeper immediately called an ambulance and the police, the singer was urgently taken to one of the nearby clinics. However, all the efforts of the doctors were in vain, at 23:15 John Lennon passed away. The reason for this rapid death was a large loss of blood. Lennon was cremated, and his ashes transferred to his wife Yoko Ono. The killer Chapman M. was sentenced to life imprisonment in a maximum security prison. Champen has been in prison for more than thirty years, during the entire time of imprisonment, the convicted person has repeatedly filed and is now applying for early release. But the judiciary of the state and the US constantly refuse him this. Lennon’s spouse formally appealed to the Department of Parole with a request not to pardon Mark Chapman, and it looks like this will never happen.
1987 year US and USSR agreed to reduce contingent of medium and short-range missiles
On this day in Washington, the leaders of two superpowers, M. Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan, signed an agreement on the elimination of medium and short-range missiles. The agreement was gaining strength on June 1, 1988, according to it, it was planned to destroy up to three thousand missiles from both sides, with a range of 1,000 to 6,000 thousand kilometers and 500 to 1,000 km. The agreement provided for the destruction of land and sea-based launchers and missiles within three years. A similar treaty between the two superpowers was ratified for the first time. The main goal of the agreement was the partial nuclear disarmament of the two nuclear states. It was also supposed to create special inspection commissions that would monitor the process of destruction of nuclear weapons. Both Reagan and Gorbachev attached particular importance to the treaty, in connection with which, the heads of the two states addressed their peoples with special television messages. Both Presidents dreamed of complete nuclear disarmament, but could not do this, for various political and legal reasons.
1992 year creation of the federal treasury of Russia
The most important federal authority, of course, is the Treasury of the Russian Federation. The main function of the treasury is the technical and legislative execution of the state budget. The Treasury, together with the FSB, exercises special control over financial transactions and flows, if the state budget funds are involved in them. In addition, strict control over the distribution of budget funds at the federal and regional levels. From the well-coordinated and clearly organized work of the Treasury, all the life of the state depends on the financing of kindergartens, to the implementation of space programs. The public service was established by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. And on August 27, 1992, the government of the country ordered and regulated the activities of the new public service with its decree. Currently, the bulk of government agencies is funded through the Treasury of the Russian Federation.
1941 year Japan's invasion of Thailand (12/08.)
To carry out plans for the invasion of Thailand, Japan was forced to carry out tremendous preparatory work. Indeed, Thailand recently emerged victorious from the Franco-Thai conflict, and this greatly alarmed the Japanese militarists. If the Thai army is able to withstand European troops, then the Asian army will be dealt with without much difficulty. The Japanese leadership concentrated all its forces on conducting the most informative intelligence in Thai territory. And only after that the Japanese began to draw military units to the borders of Thailand. The invasion began on December 8, in eastern and central Thailand. To the surprise of the Japanese, the Thais showed no resistance, only in the south of Thailand, the Japanese troops received a powerful rebuff. Despite the fact that the Thais did not give a full rebuff, the Japanese nevertheless carefully conducted their military operation and did not even dare to enter the Thai capital, but nervously awaited the start of peace negotiations. By forcing Thailand into a humiliating truce, Japan managed to convince the Thai government of the benefits of concluding a military alliance agreement between Japan and Thailand. On January 25, 1942, Thailand declared war on Britain and the United States, in alliance with Japan.
December 8th were born:
Mary Stuart (1542-1587), Queen of Scotland
Queen of Scotland, Mary became almost immediately after her birth, in connection with the sudden death of her father. At the age of six, Maria was sent to the French court, where at the age of 15 she married Francis, who soon became king of France. However, the new king did not rule the country for long and died a year later, Mary returned to Scotland. In her homeland, she again marries Henry Darnley, a son Jacob is born to a married couple. But the queen was briefly happy in marriage and soon became interested in a new man, Earl Hepburn. Maria’s new lover did everything to become the queen’s husband and even went on to kill Mary’s ex-husband, Darnley. As a result, a coup took place in the country, the rebellious lords overthrew Mary, and she was forced to flee to her relative in England. Her cousin, Queen Elizabeth of England, coldly met her niece. After all, there were insurmountable obstacles between them: Mary the Catholic, Elizabeth the Protestant, Mary laid claim to the English throne, while Elizabeth cried out for the good of England and did not participate in dynastic intrigues. By order of Elizabeth, Mary Stuart is arrested. In captivity, she was supposed to arrive until circumstances were clarified regarding her life and work. Sister secretly offers Mary a deal: "Liberation, in exchange for Mary's abdication of the Scottish throne." However, Mary refuses and is imprisoned for eighteen long years. In conclusion, Maria continues her backstage games, she is in correspondence with the French and Spanish courts, and even tries to organize the murder of Elizabeth. However, the rebellious ideas of Mary were known to the Queen of England. Soon, Mary was convicted of her crimes and executed.
Kim basinger (1953), American actress
The future actress was born in the family of a musician. Kim began her career in the modeling business. In 1970, she became the winner of the Miss Georgia beauty pageant and after this event, the photo of the actress is almost always present in fashionable secular and model magazines. However, the main dream of Kim, was the career of the actress, so she begins training in acting courses. Since 1976, she made her film debut in inconspicuous episodes. A little later, the actress gets her first major role in the film "Katie".Her participation in the film "Nine and a half weeks" brought Kim incredible popularity. And soon new success in the movie "Batman". And there were films: “Never say never,” “Blind date,” etc. The actress was married to actor Alec Baldwin, the marriage broke up eight years later. In 1997, the actress was awarded the Academy Award for his role in the film "Secrets of Los Angeles." Currently, Kim is raising a daughter and conducting charity work.
Alice Freindlich (1934), People's Artist of the USSR
The actress was born in Leningrad, in a family of hereditary artists. Since childhood, Alisa dreamed of becoming an artist and therefore tried to actively participate in theatrical circles and amateur performances. Lecturer Maria Alexandrovna, helped the girl prepare for entry into the theater institute and in 1953 Alisa became a student at the Leningrad Theater Institute. After graduation, the actress became a member of the troupe, the oldest Leningrad theater named after V.F. Komissarzhevskaya. She made her film debut in the movie "The City Lights Up." In 1961, the actress goes to work in the Lensovet Theater, in which she quickly gains huge popularity and becomes the main actress of the theater, his hallmark. Here she plays the main roles in the performances of Shakespeare, Brecht and Shaw. Soon Ali marries Igor Vladimirov, they have a daughter, Varvara. The film career of the actress, who brought her all-Union fame, is no less successful. Her participation in the films: Office Romance, D 'Artagnan and the Three Musketeers, Straw Hat made her the People's Artist of the USSR. The great actress and now continues to act, pleasing the audience with her talent.
Lev Borisov (1933-2011), actor
Lev Borisov is the younger brother of the outstanding actor Oleg Borisov. Lev Ivanovich graduated from the Shchukin School, after which he was immediately invited to the Theater of Movie Actor. From 1960 to 1974, the actor worked in the Drama Theater on Spartakovskaya, and from 1974 to 1981 Lev Borisov played in the Stanislavsky Theater. Since 1987, Lev Ivanovich settled down and stayed forever in the Yermolova Theater. The movie was first starred in 1954 in the film "Certificate of Maturity", followed by shooting in the legendary films, "Height", "Ballad of a Soldier", "The Fate of Man." From 1960 to 70, the actor practically did not act in films, and devoted all his time to the theater. Lev Ivanovich returned to the cinema in the 70s and appeared in the films “12 Chairs”, “Citizen Nikanorova Awaits You”, “And Aniskin Again”, “Visit to the Minotaur” and others. For his long acting fate, true national recognition, Lev Borisov received after the film "Gangster Petersburg", in which he played one of the main roles. Borisov was married twice, from both marriages he had two daughters, Nadia and Tanya. Amazing acting talent of Lev Ivanovich, amazes the audience with his sincerity and persuasiveness
Vladimir Gilyarovsky (1853-1935), writer, journalist
Even at the gymnasium Volodya writes poetry and epigrams, makes acquaintances with political dissidents. In parallel with the gymnasium, Vladimir attended circus courses, but failed examinations at the circus school. After which he ran away from home. He worked as a laborer in the port, in the fire brigade and even as a herder, and in 1875 he was hired by the theater as an ordinary actor. In 1977, Gilyarovsky participated in the Caucasian War, where he also writes poetry and makes sketches. After serving in the army, he settles in Moscow and works at the Brenko Theater. But soon he leaves the theater and begins literary activity. It is successfully published in Russkaya Gazeta and works as a reporter in Moskovsky Listok. After the revolution, Gilyarovsky writes for leading Moscow newspapers: Izvestia, Evening Moscow, and Ogonyok. In 1922 he wrote the poem "Stenka Razin", the writer writes a number of famous works of art, "Moscow and Muscovites", "My Wanderings", "Friends and Meetings". By old age, the writer was completely blind, but continued to work. Streets in Moscow and Vologda are named after the poet.
Name day on December 8th:
Vasily, Victor, Kuzma, Gregory, Yaroslav.
