When oval pinkish specks appear on the child’s skin, it is not necessary to be horrified, but you must be wary.
It is better to consult a pediatric dermatologist, as the rash may indicate depriving. Most often, such a lesion of the skin is caused by fungi or viruses.
Only after a thorough diagnosis can be called a specific type of depriving, on which the treatment system will depend.
Risk group
Deprive usually occurs in children, often in a team (school, camp, kindergarten). Infection occurs in the process of contact with infected people, pets (cats, dogs, guinea pigs, etc.).
Factors favoring infection are:
- weakened immunity - there is a violation of the function of protection from exposure to pathogens;
- genetic predisposition;
- excessive sweating - the moisture released by the body is simply a haven for fungi; thanks to her, they multiply actively, freely penetrating the skin through the enlarged sweat channels;
- frequent wearing of clothes and clothes made of synthetics, slightly impervious to moisture;
- scratches or scratches, facilitating the entry of spores and infections;
- diseases of the endocrine system - for example, diabetes mellitus, in which, along with then, sugar is released, which is an ideal nutrient medium for fungi;
- summer and autumn seasons, especially in the period of warm, wet weather, perfectly suitable for the reproduction of bacteria and fungi.
Types and symptoms of depriving children
According to the etiology of lichen are divided into several main types (forms).
1. Shingles (herpes zoster) - a viral disease is manifested by fever, almost immediately there are neuralgic pains. This effect can be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, headaches, physical weakness. A little later on the body, less frequently on the mucous membranes of the mouth, reddish closely spaced spots are formed.
After some time (several hours), bubbles with serous fluid appear on the affected areas. Their tire in 2-3 days starts to shrink, thus forming crusts of yellowish-brown color or erosion of a red shade. The first crust is hardly formed, as fresh spots and bubbles appear. This forms a continuous ribbon of damaged skin that looks like a belt.
The treatment can last 4-5 weeks. Gangrenous and generalized (all over the body) type may be the first "swallows" of very serious diseases, so their appearance is a significant reason for a comprehensive examination of the child by specialists.
2. Bubble versicolor in children (herpes simplex) is also provoked by a virus. Wings of a nose, a red border of lips, corners of a mouth most often suffer. The disease begins with a tangible, unpleasant tingling and itching, less pain. In parallel with these signs or after a couple of days, slightly swollen specks of red appear. They later form bubbles with a small pea, inside which there is a clear liquid.
Gradually, within 4 days, serous-purulent crusts dry up on them. Some children have enlarged lymph nodes, the temperature rises to 39 ° C. The disease lasts about 2 weeks, can give relapses.
3. Ringworm in children (microsporia) is a common type of skin disease. This is due to the high degree of contagiousness of the infection.
Microsporia is caused by spores of the fungus. A child can become infected by carriers - a sick person, pets (dogs, guinea pigs, cats). The transfer of the dispute is possible in a household way - through personal hygiene items (towel, comb, etc.).
The incubation period can take up to 3 months. Scope of damage: scalp, smooth skin, occasionally nails. On the back, abdomen, thighs, symptoms of the disease appear as inflammation spots, small nodules, vesicles with crusts and scales.
The hairy part of the head is covered with areas where there is alopecia. It seems that their hair is cut to a length of 8 mm. The name of depriving - “ringworm” is connected with this visual effect. Another form of it - trichophytosis - is caused by another type of fungus, has symptoms similar to microsporia.
4. Multicolored (scaly) versicolor is a fungal disease. Its feature is the absence of the inflammatory process and a low rate of spread.
Spores penetrate only the upper layer of the epidermis. At first, rather small spots appear, having various shades of brown. Gradually increasing, they merge into foci of large size. Due to the fact that the fungus loosens the stratum corneum of the skin, peeling begins on the surface of the clusters. The duration of the disease reaches several years.
5. Pink lichen is infectious-allergic in nature, is determined by the mass appearance of pink small spots. First, a single round or oval spot about the size of a five-kopeck coin appears on smooth skin. A week later, the chest and back are covered with multiple babies — pinkish yellow or pinkish. Peeling is observed in the center of such plaques. The illness lasts up to 9 weeks.
6. Red lichen planus has no clearly defined reason. There are theories of viral, neurogenic, infectious and allergic etiology. It appears red oval or round papules that have a smooth surface with a slight gloss. Often appears on the mucous membranes and is accompanied by itching.
Diagnosis depriving children
Parents should not independently determine the type of disease and self-medicate. At the first signs of skin lesions with viruses or fungi, you need to turn to professionals - a pediatric dermatologist, infectious disease specialist or mycologist. Often, the external manifestations may coincide with the symptoms of other diseases, so visual inspection is not enough to clarify the diagnosis.
For this purpose, additional procedures are carried out:
- examination of the affected skin areas under the Wood lamp - each form of lichen has a characteristic fluorescence;
- scraping peeling area for study under a light microscope;
- the study of bakposev scraping on microflora;
- skin biopsy, as well as the study of cell morphology, is carried out to diagnose flat (red) lichen;
- ELISA (ELISA) may be prescribed for shingles.
Lichen treatment in children
Treatment of lichen in children should be prescribed by a doctor. Self-treatment in some cases can turn into quite serious consequences. All appointments of a pediatric dermatologist should be carried out without reservation. Forms of lichen with a high degree of infectiousness are treated with complete isolation of a sick child.
Fungal diseases of the skin are treated in the following ways and means:
- shave hair with a lesion of the scalp;
- shampooing with infection is performed with fungicide-containing medical shampoos;
- the patient takes antimycotics;
- skin is treated with antifungal ointment;
- prescribe immunomodulators and fortifying agents;
- To relieve itching, use corticosteroid ointments, antihistamines.
Treatment is stopped only after negative results of tests for fungi are obtained three times.
Treatment of shingles and bubbly forms of lichen in children includes:
- taking antiviral drugs (general, local action);
- taking analgesics;
- the appointment of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs);
- disinfection of foci with brilliant greens for the prevention of suppuration;
- Novocainic blockades are performed to relieve severe pain (in the absence of allergic reactions to the agent);
- performance of physiotherapeutic procedures: electrophoresis, ultrasound, ultraviolet irradiation, etc.
Deprive in children: instructions for young mothers
It is important for young mothers to know how to prevent a possible infection, and what to do during treatment.
1. Prevention of the disease:
- maintaining the immunity of the child;
- early inculcation of personal care skills;
- prohibition of contact with stray cats, dogs;
- regular visits to the vet with pets;
- purchase of children's clothing mainly from natural, "breathing" fabrics;
- compliance with the rules of a healthy lifestyle, gradual hardening of the body.
2. General rules for the treatment of lichens
- limiting the contact of the sick child with healthy children;
- frequent change of bed linen, baby clothes;
- thorough washing of linen (separately from other things) and its steaming with ironing;
- regular disinfection of personal items, toys (several times a day);
- daily wet cleaning in the room where the patient is, with the addition of disinfectants to the water;
- wearing cotton clothes and underwear;
- control over the movements of the hands to prevent the scratching of spots and the further spread of the disease;
- a temporary ban on bathing in the bathroom (it is better to close the spots and wipe the baby’s body with a wet sponge);
- hypoallergenic life and nutrition.
3. Remember: it is necessary to categorically refuse self-treatment and the use of folk remedies without consulting a professional.
